Europe is not a single jurisdiction. Each country has its own police, its own financial regulator, and its own laws on fraud. Where you report, and what happens next, depends on the country the matter touches.
As a rule, fraud is reported nationally. In each country you report to the national or local police, and to the financial regulator that oversees banks and investment firms there. Those bodies handle the investigation and any regulatory action. A few European routes exist alongside them, mostly to help with cross-border consumer problems and to coordinate between national forces.
European-level references
These are established points of reference. They do not replace reporting to your national police and regulator; in most cases they sit beside it.
| Reference | What it does |
|---|---|
| National police and financial regulators | The primary route in every country. You report fraud to the police where you are, and complaints about banks or investment firms to that country's financial regulator. |
| Europol | Coordinates and supports investigations between national police forces in the EU. Europol does not take crime reports from the public directly, report to your national police, who can involve Europol where a case crosses borders. |
| European Consumer Centres Network (ECC-Net) | Helps consumers with cross-border disputes involving a trader in another EU country, Iceland or Norway. Useful where a purchase or service crossed a border within Europe. |
| e-commerce and online consumer routes | EU rules give consumers rights when buying online across borders, and national consumer authorities enforce them. These routes address consumer and contract problems, not criminal investigation. |
European jurisdictions
- United Kingdom Where to report fraud in the UK, the bodies that handle it, and how we work there.
- Ukraine Where to report fraud in Ukraine, the bodies that handle it, and how we work there.
Each country we cover in Europe has its own reviewed page, reachable from the list above.
Been affected? Start at Get help. Or submit evidence directly.